Author Guidelines

Originality
Peer Review Process
Authorship
CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy)
Changes to Authorship
English Language Assistance
Abbreviations, Nomenclature, and Symbols
Human Research
Informed Consent and Privacy
Animal Research
Research Registration
Image Accuracy and Integrity Policy
Disclosure of Conflict of Interest and Funding
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Use Policy
Concerns and Clarifications Policy
Article Withdrawal Guidelines
Article Correction Guidelines
Article Retraction Guidelines
Article Replacement Guidelines
Post-Publication Review and Discussion Policy
Handling Complaints and Appeals
Disclaimer
Submission Preparation Checklist
Manuscript Preparation
Article Type and Formatting
Manuscript Format
Language of Publication
Article Publishing Charge (APC)

 Originality
Manuscripts submitted to Centre for Research and Innovation (CRI) journals must be original and not simultaneously submitted elsewhere. The Editors may use plagiarism-detection tools on submissions. Manuscripts derived from content published elsewhere, even in part, will only be considered if prior publications are limited to brief meeting abstracts (under one printed page). For clarity on duplicate or redundant publications, refer to the ICMJE guidelines. Authors should disclose any prior related publications when submitting, providing relevant details in a covering letter if necessary.

Peer Review Process
All submissions undergo an initial review by an Editor or the Editor-in-Chief. Following this, manuscripts may either be rejected or sent to two to three independent external reviewers under a double-blind process. Certain invited content, like letters or editorials, may bypass this process. Authors may suggest or oppose reviewers but must meet the journal’s standards of scientific quality, originality, significance, and adherence to reporting guidelines. Rejected manuscripts will not be reconsidered.

Authorship
All listed authors must have made significant contributions to the manuscript, reviewed it, approved the final submission, and agree to take responsibility for its content. Authors must disclose any use of AI tools in the manuscript’s development, ensuring transparency in the "Materials and Methods" section and accepting accountability for the entire content. Authorship requires meeting ICMJE criteria, including substantial intellectual contribution, manuscript drafting or critical revision, approval of the final version, and accountability for the work's accuracy and integrity. Non-author contributors should be acknowledged separately.

CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy)
The CRI Journals uses CRediT to provide transparency regarding individual contributions. Authors can select from 14 predefined roles during submission, such as conceptualization, data curation, and writing. Multiple roles can be assigned per author to ensure proper recognition of contributions.

Changes to Authorship
Authorship changes (additions, deletions, or rearrangements) must be requested before manuscript acceptance and approved by the Editor. Requests must include justifications and written consent from all authors, including those affected. Changes after acceptance are rarely considered and may result in publication delays or corrigenda.

English Language Assistance
Non-native English-speaking authors are encouraged to use CRI’s editorial services to improve language quality. These services include editing, translation, plagiarism checks, and artwork preparation. While these services can enhance manuscript quality, they do not guarantee acceptance and are used at the author’s discretion and expense.

Abbreviations, Nomenclature, and Symbols
Follow the AMA Manual of Style for abbreviations, nomenclature, and symbols. Use Standard International (SI) units. Abbreviations should be minimal and spelled out upon first use.

Human Research
Authors submitting articles that involve human participants to CRI journals must ensure their work adheres to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. These guidelines uphold ethical standards in biomedical research with human subjects. Authors are required to confirm their compliance with the October 2024 revision of the Helsinki Declaration when reporting their research.

Informed Consent and Privacy
Studies involving human subjects require documented review and approval by an Institutional Review Board (IRB) or Ethics Committee. Manuscripts must state approval and confirm that informed consent was obtained, ensuring patient privacy by avoiding disclosure of identifiable information. For case reports, consent must be obtained from patients or their next of kin if deceased. Authors must provide a consent statement, which will be published if the paper is accepted.

Animal Research
Research involving animals must comply with institutional and national guidelines, with approval from an Ethics Committee. Authors should include documentation of ethical approval and adhere to ARRIVE Guidelines. Manuscripts will only be considered if ethical compliance is confirmed.

Research Registration
In accordance with the October 2024 Declaration of Helsinki, registration in a publicly accessible database must be done for studies involving human participants before subjects are recruited. Examples include:

Authors must provide the assigned Unique Identifying Number (UIN) during submission.

Image Accuracy and Integrity Policy
Authors should clearly label figures, illustrations, and tables, arrange them symmetrically in either portrait or landscape orientation, and number them in sequence. They must ensure that photographs have consistent size, position, and lighting. Image editing tools may be used for cleaning and cropping, but they must not change the results. Editors will examine the work for any signs of manipulation

Disclosure of Conflict of Interest and Funding
Authors must disclose all conflicts of interest, sources of funding, and any financial interests linked to the manuscript, such as consultancies, stock ownership, or royalties. A comprehensive statement is required at submission.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Use Policy
Content creation using AI tools is prohibited; however, they may be used for language checks (grammar, spelling, syntax). Any such use must be disclosed in the cover letter and acknowledgments.

Concerns and Clarifications Policy
Readers should report significant errors in an article directly to the Editor-in-Chief via email. They may submit a formal letter, and the authors of the original article will be invited to respond. Both the letter and response may be published in the journal. COPE guidelines will be followed where applicable.

Article Withdrawal Guidelines
Articles in press with errors, duplicate submissions, or ethical violations may be withdrawn. Withdrawn articles are removed from online platforms and marked accordingly.

Article Correction Guidelines
Errors affecting the scientific integrity or publication record are corrected via formal notices (erratum for author errors, corrigendum for publisher errors). Corrections are linked to the original article and published online and in subsequent issues. Minor errors (e.g., typos) may not warrant formal corrections.

Article Retraction Guidelines
Authors or the editor initiate retractions when they identify invalid results or ethical violations (e.g., plagiarism). They attach a retraction note, signed by the authors and/or the editor, to the original article, which remains accessible with a watermark indicating its retraction.

Article Replacement Guidelines
For serious health risks, flawed articles may be replaced with corrected versions. Retraction procedures are followed, and the corrected article is linked to the original.

Post-Publication Review and Discussion Policy
Authors and readers can engage in discussions through letters to the Editor or direct communication with the author via email.

Handling Complaints and Appeals
Readers should submit complaints and appeals in writing to the Editor-in-Chief, who will address them according to COPE guidelines.

Disclaimer
The views expressed in the journal are those of the authors and do not represent Centre for Research and Innovation (CRI), its Editorial Board, or the Publisher. Centre for Research and Innovation (CRI) and its publishers are not liable for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the content. Users are encouraged to verify information with other sources.

Submission Preparation Checklist
Authors must ensure their submission complies with all the following items as part of the submission process. The journal will return submissions that do not adhere to these guidelines to the authors.

  1. The submission has not been previously published and is not under consideration by another journal.
  2. The submission file is in Microsoft Word format.
  3. One author is designated as the Corresponding Author with complete contact details. All authors have approved the manuscript content.
  4. All necessary files, including Keywords, figures with captions, and tables (with titles, descriptions, and footnotes), are uploaded.
  5. The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
  6. The manuscript is spell-checked and grammar-checked.

Manuscript Preparation

  1. Title Page: Include the title of the manuscript, author names, their institutional affiliations, an abstract, and relevant keywords.
  2. Original Research Manuscript: The manuscript should be structured with the following sections: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Figures, Tables, and Conclusions.
  3. Author Responsibilities: Authors must provide Supplementary Materials, Acknowledgements, Author Contributions, Conflicts of Interest Disclosure, Funding Information, Data Availability Statement, and a complete list of References.
  4. Presentation and Formatting: Ensure that the submission follows the required formatting guidelines, including specifications for spacing, margins, page numbers, and word count limits.

Article Type and Formatting
For Original Research Articles
Title: Present a brief yet descriptive title. Include the names of all authors along with their full institutional affiliations and department details. Provide the corresponding author's name and email address for correspondence and reprint requests.
Structured Abstract: The abstract should range between 150-250 words and include the following subheadings: Background, Methods, Results, Conclusion, and Keywords.
Background: Outline the study’s objectives, primary procedures, key results, and conclusions. Emphasize the novel and important findings.
Methods: Summarize the key methods or interventions used, providing essential information such as preregistration numbers and species involved.
Results: Present the main findings in a logical sequence, emphasizing only the most important observations.
Conclusion: Offer interpretations aligned with the study's goal, avoiding overstatements or unsubstantiated results.
Keywords: Include 3-8 keywords that reflect the theme, discipline(s), profession, and methods of the work. For country-specific research, include the country as a keyword.
Introduction: Provide context, define the study's purpose, and highlight its significance. Briefly state the main aim and conclusions, making the introduction accessible to a broad audience.
Materials and Methods: Describe only the planned methods, with details on new protocols and references to established methods. Include software details and ethical approval statements.
Results: Present concise experimental results, with all primary and secondary outcomes clearly described. Avoid including methods, discussion, or conclusions here.
Discussion: Interpret results in the context of previous studies, discussing implications, limitations, and future research directions.
Conclusions: Summarize key findings and overall conclusions, indicating future research directions.
Patents: Mention patents if applicable.
Acknowledgements: Acknowledge grants, funds, and support in a separate section before the references.
References: IEEE citation style should be followed. Download the IEEE style sheet for your reference.
Supplementary Data (if any): Submit together with the main manuscript.

 For Review Articles
Review articles should be written by experts in the field and focus on a specific topic, issue, or question. They should provide a balanced, up-to-date interpretation of the literature, offering a framework for understanding the topic rather than simply restating existing research. Authors should include a short summary of their work in the field and describe the methods used for data selection and synthesis, summarized in an abstract.
Structure: Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Discussion (with subheadings), Conclusion, and References. Before submission, discuss the manuscript with Editors to ensure it offers a unique perspective compared to recent reviews.

Manuscript Format
Paper size: Letter
Margin: 1” (2.54 cm) from all sides
Column: Double column
Line Spacing: 1.0 lines
Alignment: Justified
Title Formatting: The title should be in bold (capitalize each word) with 16-size font, Times New Roman, center-aligned.
Author Name: Font size 11 pts., capitalize each word.
Affiliation: Font size 10 pts., capitalize each word.
Email: Font size 9 pts.
Level 1 Heading: Font size 10 pts., upper case
Level 2 Heading: Font size 10 pts., capitalize each word, italicized.
Level 3 Heading: Font size 10 pts., capitalize each word, italicized.
Content: Font size 10 pts., center-align.
Text Font size: Times New Roman 10 pts.
References: Font size 8 pts.

The final paper format will be designed by the editorial office of the journal. Download the sample paper format.

Language of Publication: English

Article Publishing Charge (APC)
Centre for Research and Innovation Journals makes all original research papers freely and permanently accessible online immediately upon publication. We guarantee that no university library or individual reader will ever need to pay any pay-per-view fees to access articles in the electronic version of any journal. Therefore, there is no revenue at Centre for Research and Innovation Journals from the sale of subscriptions to the electronic version or from pay-per-view fees. However, the online publication process does involve costs, including those for setting up and maintaining the publication infrastructure, routine operation of the journal, processing manuscripts through peer reviews, editing, publishing with DOI, maintaining the scholarly record, and archiving. To cover these costs, Centre for Research and Innovation charges publication fees (also called Article Publishing Charges, henceforth APC) from authors and subscription charges only for its printed version.

Indian Authors: Rs. 3000/-      Authors from Other Countries: $50

Low-income countries eligible for article publishing charge waivers:
The Centre for Research and Innovation provides partial equitable discounts for accepted articles from low-income economies. Eligibility is determined using the Research4Life eligibility criteria. Countries listed in Group A qualify for a partial (50%) discount. The discount is automatically applied based on the Corresponding Author’s country information submitted during the application process.

To check your eligibility, visit the Research4Life criteria page at https://www.research4life.org/access/criteria/.